According to Parsons' functionalist theory, what is the instrumental role of men in the family?

• A. Breadwinner who earns money and provides material resources
• B. Emotional caregiver who provides care and security
• C. Head of the family and decision-maker on domestic matters
• D. Responsible for coordinating extended kin networks

Answer: (A)

In Parsons' view, the family has two complementary roles that help society run smoothly. The instrumental role describes the man as the breadwinner—earning money and supplying material resources the family needs. This aligns with industrial society, where support comes from paid work outside the home, and it frees the partner responsible for the home to focus on the expressive tasks: caring for children and providing emotional stability. The other descriptions point to the expressive role or to authority and kin networks, which Parsons ties to different functions or to the broader social system rather than the male instrumental role.