What is a potential disadvantage of streaming and setting?

• A. It eliminates achievement gaps.
• B. Students in lower streams may be disheartened and reduce effort.
• C. It ensures all students reach top grades.
• D. It increases student motivation in lower streams.

Answer: (B)

Streaming and setting group students by ability, which creates a clear hierarchy inside the school, can have a real impact on motivation for those placed in lower groups. When students are labeled as lower-ability, they may start to believe that their prospects are limited and that hard work won’t change their position. That belief can lead to lower effort and disengagement, a classic self-fulfilling prophecy where expectations shape performance.

This explanation fits the option that describes disheartenment and reduced effort in lower streams. It’s not consistent with the idea that streaming eliminates achievement gaps or guarantees top grades, or that it boosts motivation in lower-stream students; in practice, streaming often preserves or widens gaps and can dampen motivation for those in lower groups.