Which statement about the effects of standardized testing and league tables is NOT a potential effect?

• A. They narrow curricula.
• B. They increase pressure.
• C. They widen gaps between schools serving different communities.
• D. They eliminate competition and accountability.

Answer: (D)

The main idea here is that standardized testing and league tables are used to measure and compare how well schools are doing, which inherently creates accountability and competition. Because results are published and used to judge school performance, schools and teachers have incentives to improve and to show they are performing well. That means the idea of these measures eliminating competition and accountability doesn’t fit how they function in practice; they are designed to foster both. The other potential effects fit more closely: schools may narrow the curriculum to focus on tested subjects, students and staff may feel increased pressure to perform, and gaps can widen between schools serving different communities as those with more resources or better intake push up results while poorer, under-resourced schools struggle to keep up.